Archbishop Theophylact Biography

Liturgics: a course of lectures [Maria Sergeevna Krasovitskaya] April 21. The date of May 6 is the date of birth - G. Fedor Leontyevich Lopatinsky as a monastic of Feophilakt was born near the city of his life, consists of take -off and falls typical of biographies of people belonging to the generation of the beginning of the 18th century. Theophylact Lopatinsky, Archbishop of Tversky, member of the Holy Synod, was destined to visit under the torture of the secret office.

The take -off of the career of Archbishop Theophylacta began on the days when Russia rejoiced, celebrating the victory near Poltava G. By decree of Peter I, Theophylact Lopatinsky, together with Sofroni Likhuda and Fedor Polikarpov, under the supervision of Metropolitan Stefan, began to correct the translation of the Moscow edition of the Slavic Bible.

Checking all the books of the Old Testament, except for Psalter, according to the Greek, Latin and Hebrew sources, was completed by the city This work served as the basis for the publication in the city for philologists and historians of the Church, Archbishop Feophilakt Lopatinsky as a person is important to a large extent because he was the editor of the text of the Slavic Bible.

Theophylact Lopatinsky, the rector and teacher of the Slavic-Greco-Latin Academy, had to deal with many problems of church life in the Peter's reign. This is what he wrote about the Latvians, that is, the teachers of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, Archbishop Feofan Prokopovich: what to say about the priests, and monks, and our Latinians? If, by the grace of God, in their heads there are several theological treatises and departments, once picked up by some glorious Jesuit from some creations of scholastic, pagan, poorly stitched, fell into their amusing pantry, perhaps from a hundredth source, unsatisfactory and bad, and worse distorted, then our latticans portray themselves Such sages that nothing is left for their knowledge.

Indeed, they all know, they are ready to answer any question, and answer so self -confidently, so shamelessly that they don’t want to think about what they say about 15 years ago, the so -called oratory techniques were in fashion, the church departments were announced by wonderful intricacies: which means five letters in the name of Maria, why Christ plunges in Jordan standing, and not lying in the waters of the Great Cloth.

Pisces died, although they were not saved in the Noah's Ark. Then another disease came. Everyone began to poem to nausea. But still, we were not so hard before.

Now we are all sick with theology. Everyone is striving to teach, and almost no one wants to study. The words of Feofan Prokopovich, the ideologist of the royal autocracy, a like -minded and assistant Peter in the field of reforming the Russian Church, perfectly testify to the spiritual atmosphere of the beginning of the 18th century. The rejection of the patriarchate, the creation of the Synod by the type of Protestant consistory, the assertion of the spiritual regulations - all this, even from the point of view of the conservative -intransigal worldview, Theophan Prokopovich, in fact, betrayed the interests of the Russian Orthodox Church, helped to break its power and subordinate its power to the state.

Reforms practically did not affect the arrangement of schools; The literacy level of clergy and laity remained low. The people, on the one hand, spread sectarian mugs, witchcraft and clicus, and on the other hand, the desire for low -quality icons and imperishable relics intensified. Most of the students of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy almost immediately after graduation were involved in the public service.

A small group of educated hierarchs, which were divided and attached to one or another political party, eventually turned out to be incapable of influence the fate of the Russian Church. The freedom and position of the Archbishop of Novgorod Feofan Prokopovich caused distrust and even hatred surrounded by the Archbishop of Tver Theophylact Lopatinsky, and the conversations, to some extent justified, about the Protestant spirit of Theophane's reforms, served as the beginning of a deep conflict between the two educated people of that time.

Theophylact Lopatinsky opposed the dedication to the episcopal San Hieromonk, Feofan Prokopovich, accusing him of a teaching unconnected with the eastern church. The intrigue against Feofan Prokopovich did not end anything. With the accession to the throne, Ekaterina Alekseevna in church affairs, changes began in favor of antiquity. The Archbishop of Tver Theophylact became the second after the Archbishop of Novgorod Feofan Vice President of the Holy Government Synod, but he did not have sufficient energy in order to lead a new movement.

It was necessary to get closer to the advanced people of that time, with those who, under Catherine I, governed the state.Feofilakt Lopatinsky everyone respected for honesty and directness, but with his impractical and patriarchal of relations, he repelled from himself even those people who were located to him. The short reign of Empress Catherine I was replaced by the short rule of Peter II.

In connection with the ceremonies of the coronation, betrothal and wedding of the young king, the most daring dreams were played in church circles, and they even began to rumor about the resumption of the patriarchate. The rumor appointed the Archbishop of Tver Feophylact Lopatinsky and Metropolitan of Rostov George Dashkov to the Holy Thron of the Archbishop of Tver. The Archbishop of Tverskaya himself kept from these conversations aside, showed neither ambition nor trait.

Due to the sharp antiprotestant orientation, this composition caused a violent polemic in Russia and Europe. For example, there were, for example, such sharp things: they come to us in sheepskin leather, and inside the wolves are predatory, opening under the guise of piety of the door to all vices. What stems from this unclean teaching? Kill, steal, love, false evidence.

Do anything, be equal to Satan himself in anger. But just believe in Christ, and one faith will save you. So teach predatory wolves. The publication was forbidden, but talking about him did not silent. In the essay, Pasquili was suspected by Hieromonk Joseph Resilov, close to the Archbishop of Theophylact. Archbishop Theophanes took advantage of the opportunity and initiated the case against Joseph Resultov.

The Lopatinsky was also called for interrogations. The repressions that began in the 10th years, when the largest departments of the Russian Church saw their bishops under investigation and in exiles, showed that the synodal system created under Peter I, as opposed to the bishops, did not work without repression. In their diocese, the bishops were able to put the limit to any decree, since there was no one to check them, but they trembled before the judges and omnipotent synodal temporary workers.

The list of the most common questions to the people involved in the case gives a clear picture of church relations and the atmosphere of the first third of the XVIII century. About civilian and spiritual affairs with such reasoning, supposedly something wrong happens in them, the opposite to them, from which the state could be in vain and troublesome or church state, what exactly came from them and with what intention?

What force about the Holy Government Synod and the Patriarch of Russian, which would be better to be a patriarch than the Holy Synod advice and rejoicing what happened to whom? In the patriarchal dignity, who exactly was we appointed? The answer of Theophylact involved in the process was brief: whether they called the pillar, Feofan could not blame. Theophylact also refused such speeches.

Theophylact of Lopatinsky was interrogated by contemporaries, both Russians and foreigners, spoke about the same disposition about Feophilak, was a meek, condescending, affordable, non-considerable: 40 miles from St. Petersburg bought for cell money, and then gave in the Tver diocesan house. In hungry years, he distributed bread for the peasants for free, then burned notebooks.

The Lopatinsky Feophylact library totaled books, representing an example of the largest book assembly of the clergy in the XVIII century. The full name of the organization: Religious organization - the spiritual educational organization of higher education “Moscow Theological Academy of the Russian Orthodox Church” Moscow Theological Academy of the Chancellery MDA - Phone: Fax:, MPDA Yandex.