Russian Lit Biography

Prishvin Mikhail key objects of his works of art became the unity of man and nature, the relationship of people, the search for the meaning of life, as well as issues of faith. The biography of a literary figure who has made a significant contribution to domestic literature is full of unusual facts. The childhood and youth of Mikhail Prishvin Mikhail Prishvin was born on January 23 on February 23 in the wealthy family in the estate of the Khrushchevo-Lyvshino of the Yeletsky district of the Oryol province, which was the parents of the future writer from the grandfather, Dmitry Ivanovich Prishvin, the wealthy merchant.

The mother of the boy Maria Ivanovna Ignatova was engaged in housekeeping and raising five children - except for Michael, three brothers and sister grew up in the family of Prishail. The writer’s father Mikhail Dmitrievich, held a stud farm on which he bred prizes, was passionately fond of hunting and gardening. When the little Misha was only seven years old, the father of the family lost a lot to cards, and to pay the debt he had to sell the horse factory, lay and rebuild the birth estate.

Soon Mikhail Dmitrievich defeated paralysis, and he died. Mother Maria Ivanovna was left almost without means of existence with her children, but a strong woman was able to cope with the trouble. Her children eventually received a proper education and were knocked into people. Misha Prishin began to receive education in a year in a village school, and a year later he was transferred to the first grade of the Yelets classical gymnasium.

Studying was not easy for the boy, he often had conflicts with teachers. For six years of study, Mikhail defeated only four classes, staying twice in the second year. In the year, the young man was completely excluded from the gymnasium due to busting with the teacher of geography-later the famous philosopher V. Brothers Mikhail Prishvin, on the contrary, studied well, and managed to get worthy education and professions: the elder brother Nikolai became a tax official, the younger Alexander and Sergey devoted their lives to medicine.

However, further events have shown that poor assessments in the gymnasium tablet are not related to the lack of abilities. Having set off after the exclusion from the gymnasium to the childless brother of his mother, the merchant and shipbuilder I. Ignatov in Tyumen, under his influence, Mikhail Prishvin took up his studies and successfully graduated from the real school. Without wanting to stay at his uncle and continue his business, in the year the summer Mikhail Prishvin passed the exterior exams for the full course of the gymnasium and entered the Riga Polytechnic School at the chemical-agronomic department.

During his studies in Riga, Mikhail, like many of his classmates, joined the student Marxist mug, which ended with serious troubles. For contact with the Social Democratic Organization, Prishvin was arrested in the year, and after six months, in conclusion, he was expelled from the institute and sent to his homeland. Having not achieved permission to restore, in the year, at the insistence of his mother, he left for Germany, and in the year he received a diploma with a degree in the Earth Engineer at the University of Leipzig.

Over the next three years, Prishvin worked as an agronomist in various farms of the Oryol, Tula and St. Petersburg provinces, wrote several books and articles in specialized journals dedicated to agriculture. Then Mikhail first discovered the ability to literature. The work of Mikhail Prishvin's first story “Sashk”, published in the journal for children “Rodnichka” in the year, wrote, while still an agronomist.

To his surprise, readers received little creative work well. From the year, Prishvin changed his profession and began cooperation with a number of newspapers as a correspondent. Fascinated by wildlife and ethnography, folklore of the northern peoples, their speech and customs, then he went on a trip to the Russian North. Prishvin traveled to Karelia and the coast of the White Sea, visited Arkhangelsk and Murmansk, Solovki, crossed the Kola Peninsula, went over to the Northern Arctic Ocean, and then, having rounded the Scandinavian peninsula, returned to St.

Petersburg by the sea. Under the impressions of the trip and on the basis of travel notes and diaries that the writer led the rest of his life, a cycle of stories “in the region of non -frighted birds: essays of the Vygovsky Territory” and the story “Behind the Magic Kolobka” were written and published, the folk tales of the year gathered in the Arkhangelsk and Olonets provinces included in the volumetric collection “Northern Tales” as an edit Ethnographer N.

In the same year, according to the results of trips along the Volga and the Urals, Prishvin wrote and published the story "At the walls of the City of the Invisible." Soon Mikhail Mikhailovich gained fame in a literary society, met A. Remizov, D. Merezhkovsky, A. Tolstoy, as well as A. Gorky, who in - gg.

The writer took place. During the First World War, Prishvin was engaged in documentary, worked as a military correspondent, and went to the front. He covered the daily events that took place in the country, and during the revolutionary year. The writer took the October revolution negatively, and, being a supporter of the Socialist -Revolutionaries, mercilessly criticized the policy of the Bolsheviks and personally Lenin, including in the press - from autumn to spring.Prishvin was a member of the editorial office of the Menshevik newspaper "The will of the people." Having been arrested, after liberation, he was forced to leave Petrograd to the maternal estate near Yelets, where he led the life of a peasant, and when the estate was requisitioned, he headed the library and taught geography in the same gymnasium in the Yelets, from which he was once excluded.

The next few years have become one of the most difficult in the biography of Mikhail Prishvin. The concerns of daily bread and a mismatch in the views with the authorities led to a break in publications. However, gradually Mikhail Mikhailovich reconciled with the Bolsheviks, considering, despite numerous mistakes and human victims, the general direction of the country's development is correct.

In the Soviet years, the reputation of a children's writer, a singer of Russian nature, whose language gave the words a tangible taste and weight, was entrenched in Prishvin. Living in the suburbs and traveling throughout the Soviet Union, he wrote and published several cycles of stories and diary notes, as well as stories: “Calendar of Nature”, “Tales of the Hojaratives”, “Dear Beasts”, “Ginseng”, “Inappropriate Spring”, “Forest drops” and others.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the writer lived in evacuation in the village of Usolya under the village Pereslavl-Zalessky, returning to Moscow in the year. In the war years, he wrote “Stories about Leningrad Children”, which included in the cycle “My Notebooks”, and “The Tale of our Time”, in the year the famous story “The pantry of the Sun” was light. Many large works on censorship reasons were published entirely only after the death of Prishvin - the novels “Kashcheev Chain” and “Osodarov Road”, the cycle of the late diaries “Eye of the Earth”, etc.

The main work of Mikhail Prishvin is the full corps of his diaries for - gg. The writer cherished his diary notes more than anything: he took them out of the fire, when his rest was burned, he buried in the forest when the Germans were coming and bequeathed to be protected as his wife’s anti -aircraft. Throughout his life, the widow of the writer kept on hand large galvanized boxes and a soldering lamp to seal her husband’s legacy and hide in a secluded place.

The family and personal life of Mikhail Prishvin for many years Mikhail Prishvin lived a civil marriage with a simple Smolensk peasant Efrosinya Pavlovna Badykina Smileva -, raised her son from the first marriage of Yakov, who died during the Civil War. Frosya, as the writer called his wife, gave birth to three sons to him. The eldest Sergei, who was born in the year, died in infancy, two younger ones went in one way or another in the footsteps of his father: Leo - achieved fame at one time as a writer and photographer, Peter - worked in the washing households.

In the year, Mikhail Prishvin married his secretary Valeria Dmitrievna Liorco Lebedeva, who devoted her life to the care of her husband and preserve his heritage. She kept, dismantled and systematized the writer’s archives, wrote several biographical books about him, created on a voluntary basis and for many years led the Prishvinsky Museum in the village of Dunino near Zvensigorod, where the family lived in - gg.

Largely, thanks to the efforts of Valeria Dmitrievna, the two editions of the collected works M. Prishvin was a very versatile person. He was well versed in music and played on different instruments, adored a gun hunting and always kept the houses of hunting dogs, to which he experienced deep affection. Already in adulthood, the writer professionally took care of photography, illustrating his books made during trips around the country.

Until now, a solid photo archive of Prishvin, numbering more frames, has been preserved. Another hobby of Mikhail Mikhailovich became cars - in E GG. The death and funeral of the writer in the middle of the year at the summer Prishvin, doctors diagnosed stomach cancer. An outstanding writer died on the night of January 16, without having to live a week before his birthday. M. Prishvin was buried at the Moscow Vvedensky cemetery.

A large stone with a sculpture carved from it is installed on the grave - a bird of Sirin, who brings people happiness with his songs. According to the author of the monument, S. Konenkov, the same time gives the readers the joy and living word of Prishvin, with whom the famous sculptor was friendly. The bibliography of the works of Mikhail Prishvin's bibliography of the writer is very extensive - only the number of stories written by him is approaching the author’s most famous works of the author.