Biography of Pierre Farm

The number of numbers Pierre de Farm is a great scientist with the great theorem of Pierre de Farm - the greatest French scientist who has been holding the minds of all mathematicians of the world for many centuries. He is the creator of such sciences as the theory of numbers and the theory of probability, the author of brilliant theorems of mathematical analysis.

The world -famous mathematician Pierre de Farm was born in France on August 17. For a long time, a Toulouse was considered his hometown, however, the found records of his baptism are testified in favor of the small town of Bomon de Roman. Dominic Farm - the boy’s father - held a high post of assistant mayor, was a wealthy merchant and respected person in the city.

Mother called Claire de Long, she taught mathematics. In addition to Pierre in the Farm family, there were three more children: one boy and two girls. From an early age, the father paid special attention to the formation of his son and never spared his funds. In his hometown, Farm finished college, where he showed himself as a talented philologist and polyglot. While still a young man, Pierre spoke in Latin, Spanish, Italian and Greek.

Knowledge of the latter has repeatedly led to him admirers of antiquity - the farm brilliantly translated and commented on the works of ancient Greek writers. Despite the enviable prospects, Pierre prefers philology to jurisprudence. In the year, he graduates from the university in Orleans and receives a bachelor's degree. During training to him, the work of the Greek mathematics of Papp, which spoke of conical sections and their properties fell into his hands.

At that time, the farm was not at all interested in mathematics, however, he tried to restore the course of the scientist’s thoughts. As a result, he not only understood the essence of the above material, but also formulated a new unique algorithm for finding a maximum and a minimum of function. The result is still considered one of the basic concepts in differential equations.

The farm begins to be interested in other mathematicians of ancient Greece. So the "arithmetic" of Diophant of Alexandria for a long time becomes his table book. The scientist left many of his ingenious discoveries precisely on her fields, as notes and comments on Diophanta's thoughts. The famous Great Farm Theorem was also discovered here. According to the scientist himself, he did not record evidence, since there is too little space on the fields for him.

Whether it was correctly not known for certain, however, Endry Wiles's proof of the year took pages. A year after graduation, the farm goes to Toulouse. Here he holds the position of royal adviser in parliament and becomes a member of the Supreme Court. However, many claim that Pierre did not receive a high post, but bought it. Nevertheless, he refers to his work in the highest extent responsibly and conscientiously, and is rightfully considered one of the best lawyers of that time.

In the same year, another important event occurs in the life of the scientist - he takes as his wife Louise de Long, a distant relative of his mother. During his life together, Louise gave birth to five children: three sons and two daughters. From the year, the farm begins active correspondence with famous scientists of that time. He addressed his first letter to French mathematics and theologian Maren Mersenn, in which he asked to tell about all treatises and books in mathematics published in recent years.

In addition, the scientist shared his ideas and new analytical methods. Mersenne became interested in the research of the farm and included him in his elite club of mathematicians. Pierre conducts scientific correspondence with almost all members of the circle. Subsequently, these letters will become the main heritage of the scientist, who will not print a single outstanding work during his lifetime.

Meanwhile, the farm quickly moves along the career ladder, and in the year he is already a member of the Oedictian Chamber in the state. Such a high position testifies to the nobility of the scientist, and he becomes Pierre de Farm, with the proud prefix de before the surname. Here, in the state, going to the next visiting session of the court, the farm suddenly dies.

This happened in the year when the scientist was only 64 years old. The eldest son of the farm - Samuel is taken to the descendants of his great works. He posthumously releases a collection with its wonderful discoveries, and also publishes a new “arithmetic” of Deofant with all the comments of his father. Pierre de Farm was buried in the custris, but, after 10 years, they moved the ashes to Toulouse, where the scientist lived and worked most of his life.

Scientific achievements, unlike many of his colleagues, Pierre de Farm was a pure mathematician and did not engage in other branches of science.

Perhaps, thanks to this, his contribution to all disciplines of mathematics is so vast and great. The main merit of the farm to this day is the creation of a new mathematical discipline - the theory of numbers. The scientist was always interested in arithmetic tasks that he constantly made to his contemporaries and, in turn, brilliantly decided.In the process of this decision, the farm opened new laws and algorithms, which eventually became the basis of the theory of numbers.

So the farm established patterns for natural numbers, which are called "arithmetic theorems." One of them is the famous small farm theorem, which says: if the number p is simple, then the expression AP is always divided into p. As a result, she became a special case of Euler's brilliant theorem, who, in fact, proved the statement of the farm. Lagrange theorem on the sum of four squares also formulated the farm.

To prove another farm hypothesis, Euler spent on research and thoughts for nearly 7 years. The farm himself used in the evidence of the “endless descent method”, which in the end restored Auler on the scientist’s fragmentary records. In the future, they were used by Weil and Poincare. The most famous and sensational statement of the farm remains his great theorem. For many decades, she tormented the minds of the best mathematicians and, even after the official publication of the year, various options for her evidence continue to enter the mathematical departments of all universities in the world.

Despite the sympathy for arithmetic, the farm could not help but give in to the trends of that time and devoted some of his thoughts to mathematical analysis. So he found tangent to the algebraic crooked, formulated the law of differentiation of fractional degrees and the necessary feature of the extremum, he is Lemma the farm at the extremum points, the derivative of the function is zero, determined that the first -order equation determines the curve, and the second - the canonical section.

All the time of his acquaintance with Pascal, the farm led an active scientific correspondence with the scientist. As a result, they, independently of each other, created the foundations of the great science of modernity - probability theory. The results of their works were printed by Huygens in the book "On Calculations in the Gambling". Despite the fact that the farm himself left behind only fragmentary notes and manuscript options for labors, most of the scientist’s brilliant research nevertheless fell into the hands of his descendants.

The contribution of the farm to mathematical science is difficult to overestimate. He was not only the author of his own discoveries, but also the inspirer for mathematicians of subsequent generations. Articles on the topic.