Biography of Derzhavin Oda

Derzhavin’s biography in facts of 32 interesting facts from the life of G. Derzhavin belonged to the ancient noble family, known since the 15th century. At the baptism of Bagrim on the Orthodox rite, the king himself was the receiver. The father of G. Derzhavin Roman Nikolaevich was a poor Kazan landowner, he possessed only the souls of serfs. In the year, a comet appeared in the sky.

Derzhavin, who was then a baby and who was in the arms of the nanny, pointed his hand at her and uttered his first word in his life: God. Derzhavina Roman Nikolaevich owned a house in the very center of Kazan on Bolshaya Prolnaya Street now a pedestrian street of Bauman. Derzhavin was faced with injustice and lawlessness already in the adolescence: the neighboring landowners of the Scheudurovs oppressed his mother Feklu Andreevna and started the process against the defenseless widow.

Derzhavin owned only one foreign language - German. Derzhavin entered the gymnasium in Kazan, the third in Russia after St. Petersburg and Moscow at the age of fifteen and studied in it for two and a half years. During training at the gymnasium, 2.5 years of g. Derzhavin showed outstanding abilities in all subjects, including drawing and music. The future poet was even read a brilliant future as an artist.

Since the year, G. Derzhavin served in the Life Guards of the Preobrazhensky Regiment. He was not recorded in the regiment in advance, as was usually done by nobles in those years, so he had to serve in the regiment in the lower soldiers' ranks until the first officer rank for 10 years. During the suppression of the Pugachevsky rebellion, G. Derzhavin committed a military feat.

At the head of a small detachment, he hit an ambush on the superior forces of the rebels and repelled a huge convoy with the loot. In the best Suvorov traditions, the effect of surprise and properties of the area was used. As a reward, Derzhavin received the estate in the Sebezhsky district of the Vitebsk province now Pskov region. The first work of G.

Derzhavin - the translation of the German play “Iroid” according to the plot of Ovid was printed in the year in the journal “Old and Novelty”. The first book of G. Derzhavin, Odes, translated and composed at the Chitalagay Mountain in the year, was published in the year. There were only 38 pages in the book. Derzhavin, not knowing the Italian language, was one of the first translators of the medieval Italian poet Francesco Petrarch in the summer of the year “under the influence of a gentle feeling” to the young and entrepreneurial beauty Natalya Koltovskaya, he translated, preserving the form of a “strict sonnet”, three poems: “Parish of the fruits”, “Walk” and “thoughtfulness”.

Derzhavin did not speak Italian. Derzhavin first saw his future wife Ekaterina Yakovlevna Bastidon by accident in the window on August 30. There was a procession in memory of Alexander Nevsky. The poet fell in love with Ekaterina Yakovlevna at first sight. Friends helped Derzhavin visit the Bastidon house, and the next day Gavril Romanovich made an offer to Ekaterina Yakovlevna.

The father of Derzhavin’s first wife, or captivity, as the poet called her, was a native of Portugal Yakov Leontyevich Bastidon, who served as a valet at court in St. Petersburg. The mother of the bride Matrena Dmitrievna had Finnish roots and was a native of Tsarskoye Selo. Derzhavin and Ekaterina Yakovlevna were married in the Church of the Ascension of the Lord on the Catherine Canal on April 22.

The church has not been preserved.

The wife of Derzhavina Ekaterina Yakovlevna could not tolerate when she was spoke badly about her husband, and always in such cases lost her temper. This was often used by Derzhavin's enemies. Widespread fame came to Derzhavin after the publication of the Oda “to Felitsa” dedicated to Empress Catherine II. The Empress highly appreciated the Derzhavinsky ode “to Felitsa” and gave the author a gold snuff box, strewn with diamonds and gold coins.

The newspaper Tambov Vedomosti published by Derzhavin was the first newspaper in the Russian province. The following provincial newspaper appeared in Russia after 40 years. The wife of Derzhavina Ekaterina Yakovlevna died of tuberculosis 33 years old. At the end of her life, she was engaged in icon painting and took lessons from V. And the poet wrote a small poem: “They caught the bird to the voiceman, and squeeze her hand.

The poor thing is squealing instead of a whistle, and they say to her: Sing, bird, sing! Once Paul I and Derzhavin quarreled. The poet allowed himself obscene expressions to the emperor. The reprisal was expected. But Paul treated Derzhavin well. Over time, he made Gavrila Romanovich the honorary commander of the Maltese order and appointed a state treasurer. The peaks of his career career G.

Derzhavin reached under Alexander I. The emperor made the poet simultaneously the prosecutor general and the Minister of Justice. At that time, this corresponded to the official position of the second person in Russia after the emperor. When Derzhavin received the post of minister, the French envoy reported to Paris that the “chain dog of Themis” was appointed Minister of Justice in Russia.

Derzhavin was an irreconcilable fighter with corruption in the state, he was called the "bichi nobleman."Derzhavin was a shareholder of a trade and colonial Russian-American company when Derzhavin made an offer to his future second wife Daria Alekseevna, she answered the poet in 2 weeks, during which she carefully studied Derzhavin's accidents. Daria Alekseevna Derzhavina was a very business woman and during the life of the poet doubled his condition.

The best friends of G. Derzhavin, the poet and playwright V. Kapnist and architect N. Lvov had wives who were among themselves sisters. At the beginning of the year, Derzhavin was present at the exam at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. The lyceum students expected Derzhavin as a god. The poet very disappointed the lyceum student Delvig the first words spoken in the lyceum. He asked the lyceum student where the needed was.

At the end of his life, Derzhavin, who was inadvertently entrusted with the neighbor on the estate of Count D. Zubov in wine eruptions, experienced serious financial difficulties. His real estate was subject to inventory and confiscation. This did not happen only because of the death of the poet.