Hetmans of Ukraine Biography

Professor Mikhail Grushevsky left the political arena, ceased to exist the Central Rada led by him. But the dawn of General Pavel Skoropadsky rose - that day he became the hetman of Ukraine. Crimea, Church and Russia: the advice of the hetman Skoropadsky to the Ukrainians the end of the Central Rada planned on April 24 in Kyiv six foreigners: three Germans German ambassador Baron Mumm, military attache, Colonel Stolsenberg, chief of staff of the Kiev Group Greeter and Three Austrians Austrian Austrian Graf Forgachi, military attachments Maior Fleishman, an official of the Principal Embassy.

The armies of these states entered Ukraine at the end of February at the request of the Central Rada to protect the UNR from the Russian Bolsheviks. The house was preserved, but at that time it was two -story. The Allies thought for a long time to Skoropadsky about the change of power for a long time. The German command was convinced that the Central Rada was not able to fulfill its obligations - primarily on the supply of grain to Germany.

General Grener, for example, considered it a mixture of dreamers and idealists, and not an effective body of power. Among the possible successors of Mikhail Grushevsky - it was about the position of hetman - they considered Admiral Alexander Kolchak, the future Supreme Commander -in -Chief of the Russian Army, and at that time the ex -commander of the Black Sea Fleet.

He sympathized with the Ukrainian society of Sevastopol, celebrated Trinity with him, even tried to speak Ukrainian. But preference was given to General Pavel Skoropadsky. He also had estates in Ukraine. And he is a direct descendant of the brother of the hetman Ivan Skoropadsky. Nine requirements to the future hetman, who was also invited to the German headquarters, put forward nine demands.

The main ones: the dissolution of the Central Rada, lustration of officials, monetary reform, free trade, land reform. In case of consent, the allies will not impede the change of power in Ukraine. But to carry out a coup digo Skoropadsky must on their own. Soon, according to Skoropadsky himself, "everything was ready for the coup. The regiment was formed mainly from the officers; agitators were sent to all Ukrainian units.

They had weapons in sufficient quantities. "They planned to seize government buildings in Kyiv on the night of April 30. But it turned out differently. Given the number of participants - a person from eight provinces - the venue chose the roomy circus" Hippo Palace "on Nikolaevskaya now the street of the Gorodetsky architect, the cinema" Ukraine ".

The forum was to last two days. Special couriers were informed about all the congresses of Skoropadsky, that the delegates are “ordinary peasants, relatively few people dressed in jackets, more and more in the scroll” - the agrarian policy of the central Rada is very quickly reached. their tasks. " The delegates proposed to discard the central Rada, which led Ukraine to disorder and the economic ruin, demanded to disperse the land committees and the like.

The arguments of some speaker about the need for strong power, which should focus in the same hands, met with applause. Someone exclaimed: “Bravo! The chairman of the Kyiv region, the former Bessarabian governor suggested choosing a Skoropadsky hetman. Red indicated the bed in which P. Skoropadsky was the hetman. The congress participants stood up, the ovation continued for several minutes.

There was no vote, but the position of people was not clear. Skoropadsky did not understand Skoropadsky. For him, all this is a surprise for him to be entrusted with power, and to do everything to save Ukraine.

The coup, after two weeks, received the chair of the deputy minister of the interior, then - the Minister of Justice. Grushevsky, the newly elected hetman went to the Sophia Cathedral, Bishop Nicodemus blessed him and anointed it. At 16 o’clock on Sofia Square, a solemn prayer began. An interesting detail: during a prayer service, a quick -firing hundred appeared on the square, which was ordered to hurry to the central Rada and guard it.

The commander of hundreds of Blenik for a moment hesitated: whether to arrest Skoropadsky and his supporters: the X machine guns that had a hundred would have enough for this. But he decided to fulfill the order and moved on to Vladimir. But control over the country has already lost, turning into a certain club for political debates. By evening, the German military unit surrounded the building of the Central Rada and invited the officials to disperse.At the same time, Skoropadsky supporters captured state institutions.

In order to differ from Secheviks faithful to the Grushevsky government, the Hetmans had bandages on their sleeves: white - on the left, raspberry - on the right. The seizure of power moved slowly: as of the evening of April 29, only secondary ministries were seized. At about 2 a.m. a fracture occurred: the Hetmans took control of the military ministry, the State Bank and the Ministry of the Interior.

Skoropadsky recalled: "Upon learning of the capture of the Ministry of the Interior, which was located in the former house of the Governor General, I decided to immediately move there. I remember that the move was a rather funny sight. I was driving in the car, having only a blanket and a pillow, my things were lost somewhere." The head of the General Staff announced the transition to the side of Skoropadsky.

The coup was a success. No one tried to defend the overthrown government. "Skoropadsky on the night of April 30 was not preserved. Yes - from the military coup - the" golden era "of revolutions began. It was during the hetman of Pavel Skoropadsky, which lasted equal -fifth months, the Academy of Sciences, two Ukrainian universities, Ukrainian gymnasiums, several Ukrainian banks and shareholders were founded.

Companies, the National Archive, the National Library were formed, the Ukrainian Drama and Opera Theater, the Ukrainian State Capella, the State Symphony Orchestra and the like were opened. The hetman Pavel Skoropadsky was one of the largest statesmen among the then leaders of Ukraine. Follow our news on Twitter and Telegram, read the same.