Brief biography of Leonid Gaidai

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. The genius of comedy, whose films are still watching today, and quotes from them are transmitted from mouth to mouth. The peasant with three classes of education took over the guilt of his friend, who burned the house of the rich, and was sentenced to hard labor in the construction of the Amur Railway. He met with Leonid's mother thanks to another hard labor from the Ryazan province - she was the sister of his new comrade.

While Job was serving his sentence, he corresponded with Maria, and soon they had warm feelings for each other. After the exile, he remained working as a senior economist on the East Siberian Railway. Maria once came to him, and remained so. After that, the lovers got married. After the birth of Leni, the large family decided to move first to Chita, and then settled in the outskirts of Irkutsk - Glazkovo.

Young Leonid Gaidai with a family at preschool age, Leonid’s favorite occupation was a “partisan” visit to the local cinema, where he watched films with Charlie Chaplin. As soon as one session ended, Lenya was hiding under the seat, waiting for the next. Leonid was known in bulk, although he studied well. The boy also liked to read - he loved Vladimir Mayakovsky, knew his poems by heart, performed with them from the stage and once even became the winner of the readers' competition.

In an amateur glass circle, he also learned to play a balalaika. The war of the first military year became a graduation for Gaidai. The young man, along with classmates, came to the military registration and enlistment office to ask for the front, but Leonid, like his friends, was refused due to mismatch between the draft age. During the year after graduation, he worked as a little worker in the Irkutsk theater.

Gaidai managed to watch performances, studying drama, and at the same time undergo training at the theater studio of the Club of Railway Workers. In some performances of the theater, he even managed to participate, for example, in the "Wedding" and "Bear" according to the works of Anton Chekhov. Leonid Gaidai at the front in the winter of the year Gaidai was drafted into the army.

At first, he served in Mongolia, where his duties were included in the horses and take care of them. Correctly fulfilling the duty, the young man was still eager to participate in hostilities, so he was soon sent to the Kalinin front. The famous director often recalled how this happened: when they came to take the replenishment to the army, he answered each question of the military commissar: “I!

The officer, unable to stand it, shouted: “May you wait, Gaidai. Let me announce the whole list! He immediately proved himself in a battle near the Pskov village of Enkino, throwing grenades of enemy pillbox and destroying everyone who was there. For these actions, he was presented to the medal "For Military Merit". The next year, participating in the Great Lucian military operation, Gaidai was blown up on a fascist mine.

Leonid Gaidai. A man who did not laugh in the hospital Leonid stayed for more than six months, trying with all his might to keep his leg that did not allow the doctors to amputate.

As a result, Gaidai underwent five surgical operations, and the consequences of the injury accompanied Leonid for the rest of his life. With the second group of disability, he was commissed and returned to Irkutsk, where he began to study acting in the theater studio at the drama theater. The theater and the first films at the end of the study of the front -line soldier Gaidai were accepted into the local troupe.

His first roles were limited to the famous “to eat”, but soon he was introduced into the production of “Young Guard” based on the novel by Alexander Fadeev. After the brilliant performance of the role of Ivan Zemnukhov, the local press spoke about Gaida. Leonid Gaidai in his youth, however, despite success, the beginning actor understood that his texture would be typed a little, so he decided to develop in directing.

It was in the Irkutsk drama theater, his Alma Mater, the first directorial experience of Gaidai-Leonid put the scene with a fight in the play “Madame ministe”. I almost did not think about the cinema. And I already quit from the theater ... Well, I think I was not - I will go to the cinema. I passed exams at VGIK. And did not regret it. The movie, I am sure, is more interesting than the theater, however, I do not impose this opinion on anyone.

According to the memoirs, a fontovik student was different from his fellow students not only by acting talent, but also to some special internal concentration. Even during his studies, Gaidai began to work as a practical director with his teacher Boris Barnet. He also had an acting debut of Gaidai in the movie "Lyana", where he got the role of Alexei. Seeing this work, the famous director Mikhail Romm advised Leonid to engage in a comedic genre.

A long way, Gaidai's first film, went out in a year Gaidai began to shoot the satirical comedy “The Bridegade from the other world”, where he first met Rostislav Plyatt and Georgy Vitsin, who would later shoot in almost all his films. The picture was harshly criticized by representatives of the Ministry of Culture and was reduced almost half - 48 minutes of timing remained in it.All due to the fact that the film mercilessly ridiculed Soviet bureaucracy-the main character is trying to prove that it was not he who died, but a man who stole his wallet, but he does not manage to prove his existence to the officials.

The frame from the film “The Groom from the Empire” was stopped giving scripts for filming, but then the director and laureate of six Stalinist awards Ivan Pyryev, who really liked it, stood up to his defense. With his help, Gaida managed to continue the activity, and in the year he shot the dramatic picture "Three times Risen." However, she was not successful in a wide box office.

The glory of the comedographer at the beginning of X, after a series of failures, the director plunged into depression and, deciding that he would never shoot again, left his wife in Irkutsk. However, almost every evening he still sat down at the desktop and wrote something. After some time, Gaidai told his wife that he had finished working on the script, and their family would have to return to Moscow to apply for new shootings.

In Moscow, Gaidai again turned to Pyryev for help. With his goodwill, Leonid was given a film for filming, and he himself began to independently assemble the crew. When the cast with the participation of George Vitsin, Yuri Nikulin and Evgenia Morgunov was approved, work began on the short film comedy "Dog Barbos and Unusual Cross." The actors reincarnated into the trinity of small scammers who decided to stun the fish dynamite, but their plans were violated by the nailed yard dog.

The famous Trinity: a coward, a dunce and an experienced film showed on the last day of the Moscow Film Festival of the year, in the short film. The director was not invited to the show, so he did not know about the excitement, which caused the picture, until the call was heard at his door - Sergey Bondarchuk stood on the threshold with a plate in his hands. A barbos with a gold medal was drawn on it.

The director solemnly handed her to Leonid with the words "this is the first gold medal to you - personally from me." When the artistic council decided that the continuation of the film was needed, Gaidai shot the “moonshine”. A coward, dunce and experienced unusually fell in love with the audience. Later, Gaidai appeared in other films and are still considered one of the most recognizable characters in Soviet cinema ..

Henry “Business People”. On the set of the film “Business People”, and from the years, three Gaidaev films were released one by one by one by one, which the Soviet spectators will soon call the best paintings of the century. The first was the Operation “Y” and the other adventures of Shurik, the second - “Caucasian captive”, and the third, the most adored by the audience, “Diamond hand”.

The photo from the filming of the “Diamond Hand” himself considered the best work “Twelve Chairs”, shot at the beginning of x. Initially, the role of Ostap Bender was intended for Vladimir Vysotsky, but the actor went into a binge. Then the director said that he would never take off the problem star in his works, and gave the role to the little -known Archil Gomiashvili.

Leonid himself appeared in the film in the role of Bartholomew Korobeinikov, and only because the actor affirmed for this role fell ill. Leonid Gaidai, in the role of Korobaneikov, Gaidai dreamed of making a film based on Mikhail Bulgakov’s novel “Run”, but they did not give him this. Then he turned to another work of the writer. So in the year the sparkling comedy “Ivan Vasilievich changes the profession”, based on the play “Ivan Vasilievich”, was released on the screens.

On the set of the film “Ivan Vasilievich changes the profession”, Gaidai very painstakingly selected the actors for this film. He initially proposed the main role to Yuri Nikulin, but since he was total busy, the king was played by Yuri Yakovlev. Subsequently, the director will say that this was a very accurate hit, and his words will be confirmed by millions of spectators who to this day do not get tired of watching this wonderful film.

Also in X and early X, he shot several more memorable paintings. True, many connoisseurs of Soviet cinema claim that the last Gaidai tapes are significantly inferior to his previous works. Many students tried to care for a charming girl, but only Leonid was able to conquer her heart. Leonid Gaidai and Nina Grebeshkova in his youth later in an interview with the actress will tell that she did not fall in love with the future genius comedographer - her heart began to belong to him only after the war.

At first, his girl was very shy: Leonid was an old course, and she was afraid to blurt out some kind of stupidity with him. Leonid did not know what emotions he causes a pretty classmate, often escorted the girl home after rehearsals, and soon warm feelings were born between them. The wife and daughter of Leonid Gaidai Wedding Gaidai and Grebshkova took place in the year and was very modest: relatives, friends and students, gathered in a communal apartment.

The only thing that overshadowed the joy of the groom - the young wife did not want to take his last name. The director lived all his life with one woman in the year, the couple had a daughter Oksana. Together, the couple lived for about 40 years. For their length, the director shot his wife several times in the cinema - although not in the main, but bright roles.So, Grebeshkov can be seen in such paintings as “Diamond hand”, “There can be no!

Leonid Gaidai with his granddaughter Leonid loved his granddaughter and dreamed. Now she bears the name of Khudyakov. Nina Grebeshkova, Oksana Gaidai and Olga Khudyakova Death the last film, which was shot by the legendary director of the year, was called "Deribasovskaya was good weather, or rains again on Brighton Beach." After that, it became very difficult for him to work - the pulmonary emphysema and the newly opened old wound on the leg did not give rest.

The last interview of Leonid Gaidai in the year Gaidai was temperature, but firmly intended to go to Tverskaya, where the rally was held in support of the Democrats. Instead, he was hospitalized in the Kuntsevsky hospital. Leonid Gaidai in the last years of his life, next to the director, was the wife of Nina. Leonid died suddenly: they talked, and suddenly he fell silent.