Zhelyabov is a brief biography

Zhelyabov - Briefly Andrey Ivanovich Zhelyabov entered the history of a terrorist. Terror is bad. But still, in this case, as in all others, the final assessment greatly depends on the circumstances. The peasant son of birth Andrei was a serf peasant - he was born in Crimea on August 17, 29. The family for the peasant was quite wealthy - his father was a quarrel gardener, and Gauril's grandfather taught his grandson to literacy.

But the status still made itself felt - shortly before the reform of the year, Andrei was raped by the neighbor's landowner, and even a complaint about this was not accepted. The boy who loved the cheerful young aunt was shocked and fiercely hated the criminal. However, the owner of the Zhelyabovs, the landowner of the Nelids, was a much more decent person. Upon learning that the son of the gardener is literate and convinced of his good abilities, he sent Andrei to the district school in Kerch.

Fate helped further - the school was transformed into a gymnasium. And the peasant son became a gymnasium student although it was almost openly prohibited. And the gymnasium certificate gave the right to enter the university. In the year, Andrei Zhelyabov took advantage of this right - became a student of the law faculty in Odessa. However, there he began to participate in the activities of student revolutionary circles, and in the year he led the protest against one of the teachers and was expelled.

He met the ideas of N. Chernyshevsky and socialism even earlier, and now he had one path - into a revolution. The teacher-revolutionary Zhelyabov began to earn a living with private lessons, and in the year he married the older sister of one of his students-Olga Yakhnenko. The couple had a son. But Andrei was not going to abandon socialist ideas and live only for the sake of the family.

In the year, he became a member of “Walking to the People” - he lived in the village, worked in the field and was engaged in teaching and propaganda. He was detained several times “on suspicion”, and in the year was arrested. Zhelyabov became one of the defendants in the “X process”, but was justified. But the family fell apart: the wife said that she did not want to live with a person with such “flashes” that a man should take care of the family and only about her.

She left her husband and went with her son to her parents. Andrei continued to live his former life - this time in the Podolsk province. The experience of “going to the people” showed Zhelyabov that the propaganda of revolutionary ideas among the people is too slow. It seemed to him that the slow story did not interfere with "push." Therefore, during the Congress of Narodniks in Lipetsk in the year, he opposed decisive action, against the further use of propaganda alone.

A little later, in the same year, Zhelyabov was among those revolutionaries in Voronezh who dissolved from the propaganda trend and created a combat “folk will”. Around the same time, his relationship began with Sofia Perovskaya - another leader of the "people's will". They met in the year, but then Zhelyabov, although a very attractive young man, liked the girls did not make much impression on the general’s revolutionary daughter, very popular in the revolutionary environment.

But later, a novel ensued between young people. The relationship was short, but truly happy - Andrei and Sophia not only loved each other, they were real like -minded people. The tsareubians from the decent houses Andrei Zhelyabov was not a real, consistent terrorist like other figures of the “people's will” - he simply thought the power methods permissible in some cases.

Thus, the revolutionaries considered it possible to kill spies and provocateurs in their midst and police officials, known for special cruelty against dissenters - according to obvious revenge. A special place in their plans was occupied by regicide - the People’s Volunteers believed that it simply was obliged to become a reason for the revolution. Andrei Zhelyabov was an organizer and participant in several attempts of regicide.

But Alexander II turned out to be tenacious-in total, he survived 6 assassination attempts for his life, and only the 7th was successful. The reasons for the failures were sometimes simply anecdotal - ideological revolutionaries in fact turned out to be extremely incapable of killers. In November, the Narodnaya Volya laid 3 mines along the route of the tsarist train from the Crimea.

As a result, one of the mines undermined the Svitsky train, and 2 did not work in particular, the one who was supposed to bring the Zhelyabs, the contacts rusted. In February, Stepan Khalturin blew up the royal dining room - Zhelyabov was one of the organizers of this operation. The explosion killed several security soldiers, and the king escaped with spoiled clothes and ears laid down from the roar.

In August of the same year, Zhelyabov himself, along with Makar, the grouse laid a bomb under one of the St. Petersburg bridges - along the route of the royal crew. Everything was generally stupid here - the carpenter's carpenter, who had no clock in poverty, overslept the moment of the attempt and did not bring the mechanism into action. The attempt planned for March 1 was prepared especially carefully.

The underground mine and the “metalists” with manual bombs were used, and on extreme cases, Zhelyabov himself intended to act with a dagger.The attempt was successful, but Zhelyabov did not participate in it - he was arrested on February 27. However, after the arrest of the comrades, he himself immediately demanded an accession of his case to them - that is, he signed a common death sentence with them.

Among the defendants was Sofya Perovskaya - she had the opportunity to run, but she preferred to spend the head start in time to try to organize Andrei's escape. They were hung on one crossbar on April 3 on April 3, along with Nikolai Kibalchich, Nikolai Rysakov and Timofei Mikhailov. The execution took place with such the wildest violations of all the written and unwritten laws that even the most burned monarchists were outraged.

Andrei survived Sophia - he was hanged next after her. They hung him twice - the first time the executioner from sadistic motives intentionally incorrectly secured the loop. All the executed were buried in one nameless grave - they happened to be together both in life and in death. As expected, no reason for the beginning of the revolution has no regicide. Terror is not good.

But to force a person to die twice, two times putting on his neck a loop is also wrong and Timofey Mikhailov was completely hung 4 times. So far, there are laws and norms in the state, which is worse than any lawlessness - Andrei Zhelyabova will also have. Use the site search. There is everything in history. Read also:.